Search results for " Metabolic diseases"
showing 10 items of 699 documents
Patients experiencing statin-induced myalgia exhibit a unique program of skeletal muscle gene expression following statin re-challenge
2017
Statins, the 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitors, are widely prescribed for treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Although statins are generally well tolerated, up to ten percent of statin-treated patients experience myalgia symptoms, defined as muscle pain without elevated creatinine phosphokinase (CPK) levels. Myalgia is the most frequent reason for discontinuation of statin therapy. The mechanisms underlying statin myalgia are not clearly understood. To elucidate changes in gene expression associated with statin myalgia, we compared profiles of gene expression in skeletal muscle biopsies from patients with statin myalgia who were undergoing statin re-challenge (cases)…
Pharmacotherapy for gestational diabetes
2018
Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) represents impaired carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy and is characterized by progressive insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinaemia. If inadequately treated, it may lead to fetal macrosomia and other adverse outcomes. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize the current evidence from studies on the use of insulin and other agents for the treatment of women with GDM. Expert opinion: Lifestyle management is of paramount importance for the treatment of GDM. In pharmacotherapy, insulin remains the long-established mainstay of treatment. NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) and soluble human insulin have long been estab…
Statins and metabolic syndrome
2003
Abstract Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a multifactorial condition that represents a risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus (DMII) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Statins may play a role on some modifiable clinical features of MS; in fact, whereas therapeutic lifestyle changes are mandatory for MS with a 10-year coronary heart disease (CHD) risk 20% and to correct the other associated lipid and non-lipid abnormalities. In fact, they have a VLDL lowering action in hypertriglyceridemia, they reduce the amount of small and dense LDL, they increase the HDL-C, they reduce the atherogenic lipoproteins, and they decrease the inflammatory marker levels.
Metformin and contrast-induced acte kidney injury in diabetic patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST segment elevati…
2016
IF 4.638; International audience; AIM : To analyze the association between chronic metformin treatment and the development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).METHODS: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with PCI 27μmol/l (0.3mg/dl) or >50% over baseline after PCI. Since PCI was urgent, metformin could not be withheld prior to PCI but was usually stopped after PCI.RESULTS:Among the 372 patients included, 147 (40%) were using metformin, which had older diabetes, but had risk factors similar to patients without metformin. Baseline eGFR was better in pati…
Less but better: cardioprotective lipid profile of patients with GCK-MODY despite lower HDL cholesterol level
2014
Patients with diabetes caused by single-gene mutations generally exhibit an altered course of diabetes. Those with mutations of the glucokinase gene (GCK-MODY) show good metabolic control and low risk of cardiovascular complications despite paradoxically lowered high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. In order to investigate the matter, we analyzed the composition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and HDL subpopulations in such individuals. The LipoPrint(©) system (Quantimetrix, USA) based on non-denaturing, linear polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate and measure LDL and HDL subclasses in fresh-frozen serum samples from patients with mutations of glucokinase or …
Subclinical executive function impairment in children with asymptomatic, treated phenylketonuria: A comparison with children with immunodeficiency vi…
2018
In this study we compared the neuropsychological profile of phenylketonuria (PKU) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to examine the specificity of the executive function (EF) impairment reported in these two patologies. A total of 55 age-matched children and adolescents were assessed, including 11 patients with PKU, 16 patients with HIV and 28 healthy controls, underwent a neuropsychological assessment. Although neither the PKU nor the HIV group scored below the normative ranges, both groups showed lower scores in neuropsychological tests engaging EFs than controls. In addition, compared to patients with PKU the HIV group performed significantly worse in the Trail-Making Test A, Corsi S…
Psychiatric and neurological symptoms in patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C): Findings from the International NPC Registry
2017
Objectives: Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare inherited neurovisceral disease that should be recognised by psychiatrists as a possible underlying cause of psychiatric abnormalities. This...
Beyond cholesterol reduction, the pleiotropic effects of statins: is their use in cancer prevention hype or hope?
2013
ISSN 1758-4299 10.2217/CLP.13.29 © 2013 Future Medicine Ltd Clin. Lipidol. (2013) 8(3), 273–277 Pleiotropic effects of statins Millions of patients worldwide are currently tak ing prescribed statins. Clinical trials have dem onstrated that statins reduce the risk of cardio vascular disease [1]. Statins are well known to reduce cholesterol levels through the inhibition of 3hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase [2]. However, great interest has recently been paid to the mechanisms beyond cholesterol reduc tion (pleiotropic effects) by which statins exert their action. Indeed, statins are associated with plaque stabilization and improvement of endo thelial function, as well as antiinflamm…
Characterization of a mutant form of human apolipoprotein B (Thr26_Tyr27del) associated with familial hypobetalipoproteinemia
2016
We have previously identified a deletion mutant of human apoB [apoB (Thr26_Tyr27del)] in a subject with primary hypobetalipoproteinemia. The present study determined the effect of Thr26_Tyr27del mutation on apoB secretion using transfected McA-RH7777 cells. Transient or stable transfection of apoB-48 containing the Thr26_Tyr27del mutation showed drastically reduced secretion of the mutant as compared to wild-type apoB-48. No lipoproteins containing the mutant apoB-48 were secreted into the medium. Incubation of transfected cells in a lipid-rich medium in the presence of cycloheximide showed rapid turnover of cell-associated mutant apoB-48 as compared to that of wild-type apoB-48. Immunofluo…
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in cystic fibrosis.
1990
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus in 99 patients (53 M, 46 F; mean age 10.5 +/- 6.9 years), with cystic fibrosis. Glucose tolerance was evaluated in all patients without overt diabetes using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Six patients showed a pathological OGTT and 2 patients had insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus. The mean age of the patients with impaired glucose tolerance was significantly higher than that of the subjects with normal glucose metabolism (p less than 0.0001). Patients with overt diabetes mellitus were the oldest subjects in the study group.